stock here: the USA wrote the defnition of treason to be very narrow, since in Europe for centuries, the use of the word Treason had been misused to attack political opponents.
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The definition of treason in the United States is found in the U.S. Constitution, specifically in Article III, Section 3, Clause 1:
U.S. Constitution – Article III, Section 3, Clause 1:
“Treason against the United States shall consist only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court.”
Key Elements:
Levying War against the U.S.
Adhering to Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort.
Conviction requires either:
Testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or
Confession in open court.
This narrow definition was deliberately chosen by the Founders to prevent the political abuse of treason charges, which had been common in European monarchies.
If you want the official source document, you can find the Constitution on the U.S. National Archives website:
https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript