Mahalo to Lot’s Wife, who remembers ENENews when it was a great website.
Chitin and its derivative chitosan exhibit notable resistance to radiation, which has implications for their use in various applications, including biomedical fields. Research indicates that chitin and chitosan maintain their structural integrity and functional characteristics even when exposed to significant doses of gamma radiation. This resilience is crucial for their potential use in environments where radiation exposure is a concern.
Protective Effects Against Radiation
Gamma Radiation Resistance: Chitin and chitosan do not undergo significant radiolysis when irradiated, maintaining their structural properties even at doses up to 50,000 krad(Muzzarelli & Tubertini, 1972).
Antimicrobial Properties: Chitin-nanosilver membranes retain their antimicrobial efficacy against various pathogens post-irradiation, indicating that their functional properties are preserved(Singh et al., 2015).
Structural Integrity
Molecular Weight and Chain Scission: While gamma irradiation can lead to chain scission in chitosan, resulting in decreased molecular weight, this process can enhance certain properties like water solubility and antimicrobial activity(Rashid et al., 2012).
Thermal Properties: The thermal stability of chitosan is affected by irradiation, with changes in glass transition temperature observed, which may influence its application in biomedical fields(Lim et al., 1998).
Despite these advantages, the potential for degradation under extreme conditions remains a concern, necessitating further research to optimize the use of chitin and chitosan in radiation-prone environments.Read LessSave to NotebookAPA, Bullets Find TopicsAdd columns (1)
Chitin, particularly in the form of nanofibrils, exhibits protective effects against UVB radiation. In studies, chitin nanofibrils reduced UVB-induced skin damage, suggesting their potential in mitigating vulnerability to radiation through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
The paper indicates that gamma radiation at a dose of 25 kGy did not evoke undesirable changes in the structural and functional properties of chitin-nanosilver membranes, suggesting that chitin’s vulnerability to radiation is minimal at this dosage.
Chitin exhibits strong radiation resistance, as demonstrated in the study where it was irradiated in acidic solutions without undergoing radiolysis. Its I.R. spectra remained unchanged, indicating minimal vulnerability to radiation, even under exposure to 60Co radiations up to 50,000 krad.
The paper focuses on chitosan, a derivative of chitin, and its vulnerability to gamma irradiation. Chitosan experiences main chain scissions and changes in molecular weight and properties under radiation, indicating its susceptibility to radiation-induced damage.
Chitin, the precursor to chitosan, is vulnerable to ionizing radiation, which can induce chain scission at glycosidic linkages. This process enhances the deacetylation efficiency, resulting in improved properties of chitosan when derived from irradiated chitin sources like prawn shell.
The paper does not specifically address chitin’s role or its vulnerability to radiation. It focuses on chitosan’s protective effects against oxidative stress and metabolic disorders induced by radiation in rats, highlighting its antioxidant properties and therapeutic potential.
Chitin is more sensitive to preliminary irradiation compared to lignin. Irradiation enhances the distillation of chitin, leading to decreased gas yield and increased condensate yield, while also producing significant amounts of sulfur dioxide and acetic acid during radiolysis.
The paper does not address chitin’s vulnerability to radiation. It focuses on optimizing the deacetylation of chitin using microwave radiation to produce chitosan, examining the effects of NaOH concentration, radiation power, and reaction time on the degree of deacetylation.
Chitin’s vulnerability to radiation is enhanced by gamma irradiation, which reduces its molecular weight, making it more susceptible to N-deacetylation. This allows for milder reaction conditions during the conversion of chitin to chitosan.
The paper does not specifically address chitin’s vulnerability to radiation. However, it discusses how gamma irradiation can degrade chitosan and its derivatives, affecting their molecular weight and enhancing antioxidant activity, which may imply similar effects on chitin.
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stock here, saw this last night in Oahu. Eggs are used in thousands of food products, this insanity of culling 100’s of millions of chickens is a plot to raise food prices across the board. Check the prices too.
stock here: this will make the surgical mask more hard breathing, decreasing the O2 within the Surgeon, I am not sure this is a good idea.
Surgical masks and N95 respirators serve distinct purposes in healthcare settings, each designed to offer specific types of protection.
Surgical Masks:
Purpose: Primarily intended to protect patients by preventing the release of large droplets from the wearer, such as saliva or respiratory secretions, into the surgical field. They also provide the wearer with some protection against large droplets or splashes.
Design: Loose-fitting and disposable, creating a physical barrier between the wearer's mouth and nose and potential contaminants in the immediate environment. However, they do not effectively filter smaller airborne particles and do not provide a reliable level of protection from inhaling smaller airborne particles.
OHS Online
N95 Respirators:
Purpose: Designed to achieve a very close facial fit and very efficient filtration of airborne particles, including smaller particles that can be inhaled. They are intended to protect the wearer from airborne hazards.
Design: Tight-fitting with a seal around the nose and mouth, filtering at least 95% of airborne particles. They are approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and, in healthcare settings, may also be cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as surgical respirators.
Wikipedia
Surgical N95 Respirators:
Purpose: Combine the features of both surgical masks and N95 respirators, providing respiratory protection while also offering the fluid resistance of a surgical mask.
Design: These respirators are both NIOSH-approved as N95 respirators and cleared by the FDA as surgical masks. They are designed to protect against both airborne particles and fluid hazards, making them suitable for use in healthcare settings where both types of protection are needed.
3M Multimedia
The development of N95 respirators dates back to the 1970s, with the first N95 respirator patented in 1976. A significant advancement occurred in 1980 with the application of electrostatic charge to melt-blown webs, enhancing filtration efficiency. These innovations have led to the modern N95 respirators used today. The Nonwovens Institute
In summary, while both surgical masks and N95 respirators are used in healthcare settings, they serve different protective functions. Surgical masks primarily protect the patient and the environment from the wearer’s respiratory emissions, whereas N95 respirators are designed to protect the wearer from inhaling hazardous airborne particles. The combination of these features in surgical N95 respirators provides comprehensive protection in situations where both fluid resistance and respiratory protection are necessary.
stock here: It’s complex but not really. One of my New Years resolution was to focus on getting 3 pro-biotics foods daily. So the title of this video is “juiced” and in the video, they do not emphasize or even mention that pro-biotics continues to be important. If you got the injections, though, be cautious, as Glutamine can fuel fast dividing cells, aka Cancer. See AI unpack below the video. They also talk about GABA deficiency, there is a GABA receptor, and I added an AI unpack at the far bottom.
Glutamine for Gut Health
Glutamine is an amino acid that plays a key role in maintaining and repairing the gut lining. It’s particularly beneficial for:
Healing the gut lining: Helps repair the intestinal epithelium and tight junctions, which is essential in conditions like leaky gut.
Fuel for enterocytes: Intestinal cells use glutamine as a primary energy source.
Anti-inflammatory properties: Modulates inflammation in the gut, which is useful for conditions like Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Safe Intake of Glutamine
For most people, dietary intake of glutamine from protein-rich foods (e.g., meat, fish, dairy, eggs, and some plant proteins) is sufficient for general gut health. Supplements are commonly used in higher doses for therapeutic purposes. Recommended Doses
Dietary intake: Typically 3–6 grams per day from food sources.
Supplementation:
For gut health, doses of 5–10 grams per day are often used, sometimes split into multiple doses.
Short-term studies have safely used doses up to 20–30 grams per day in certain medical settings, such as critical illness or severe gastrointestinal issues.
Potential Risks of Excessive Glutamine Intake
While glutamine is generally considered safe, excessive intake might have some downsides:
Metabolic imbalances: Extremely high doses may overwhelm metabolic pathways, leading to the production of byproducts like ammonia, which could be harmful.
Exacerbation of certain conditions:
People with liver or kidney disease may have trouble metabolizing excess glutamine, leading to toxicity.
In those with cancer, glutamine may theoretically fuel tumor growth because rapidly dividing cells (like cancer cells) often use glutamine as a fuel source.
Unknown long-term effects: Long-term, high-dose glutamine supplementation hasn't been studied extensively, so there is uncertainty about its safety over years of use.
Signs of Excessive Intake
Gastrointestinal distress (bloating, diarrhea, or cramping)
Fatigue or brain fog (from ammonia buildup)
Risk of imbalanced amino acids, reducing the availability of other essential amino acids.
General Recommendations
Stick to therapeutic doses: 5–10 grams per day is typically sufficient for gut health.
Consult a healthcare provider: If you have underlying conditions or are considering high-dose supplementation, seek medical advice.
Balance intake: Ensure you're getting glutamine naturally through a balanced diet and only supplement as necessary.
Let me know if you’d like more information on specific conditions or how to incorporate glutamine effectively!
The Relationship Between Glutamine, Glutamate, and the GABA System
Glutamine, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are closely linked in the brain and body. They play critical roles in neurotransmission, energy metabolism, and maintaining the balance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the central nervous system (CNS).
Glutamine: The Precursor What is it? Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid found abundantly in the body. It acts as a precursor to glutamate and, indirectly, to GABA. Functions in the Brain: Glutamine is transported into the brain across the blood-brain barrier. Within neurons, glutamine is converted to glutamate via the enzyme glutaminase. Role in the Gut-Brain Axis: Glutamine supports gut health and may indirectly affect brain function through its impact on gut barrier integrity and inflammation.
Glutamate: The Main Excitatory Neurotransmitter What is it? Glutamate is a critical neurotransmitter in the CNS, responsible for excitatory signaling. It is synthesized from glutamine and can also be obtained from dietary proteins. Key Functions: Excitatory Signaling: Glutamate activates NMDA, AMPA, and kainate receptors, which are involved in learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity. Neurotransmitter Cycling: After glutamate is released into the synaptic cleft, it is taken up by astrocytes (glial cells) and converted back to glutamine in the glutamate-glutamine cycle. Risks of Dysregulation: Excess Glutamate: Leads to excitotoxicity, contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and ALS. Insufficient Glutamate: Impairs normal brain functions like cognition and sensory processing.
GABA: The Main Inhibitory Neurotransmitter What is it? GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is derived from glutamate through the action of the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). It balances excitatory signals by providing inhibitory control. Key Functions: Inhibition: GABA reduces neuronal excitability, preventing overstimulation and maintaining CNS balance. Receptor Types: GABA acts on two main types of receptors: GABA-A receptors: Ion channels that mediate fast inhibitory signals. GABA-B receptors: G-protein-coupled receptors that mediate slower inhibitory effects. Effects on Behavior: GABA is crucial for regulating anxiety, mood, and sleep. Imbalances are linked to conditions like anxiety disorders, depression, and epilepsy.
stock here: bottom line…when the husband dies, the wife gets her own pension or SS, plus can continue to get 100% of his SS. But only if you are a government employee. This will also bankrupt the SS system in 2033.
They are trying to buy loyalty, and pit people against Trump, who will of course repeal this (but be smart and do it a year later)
———————————- AI
President Joe Biden recently signed the Social Security Fairness Act, a significant legislative change that impacts public sector retirees.
Key Provisions of the Act:
Repeal of the Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP): Previously, the WEP reduced Social Security benefits for individuals receiving pensions from employment not covered by Social Security taxes, such as certain federal, state, or local government jobs. The repeal allows these retirees to receive their full Social Security benefits.
Investopedia
Repeal of the Government Pension Offset (GPO): The GPO reduced Social Security spousal or survivor benefits for individuals who also received a government pension from non-Social Security-covered employment. With its repeal, affected individuals can now access full spousal or survivor benefits.
Barron's
Implications:
Beneficiaries: Approximately 2.8 million public sector retirees, including teachers, police officers, and firefighters, will benefit from increased Social Security payments.
Associated Press
Financial Impact: The Congressional Budget Office estimates that repealing these provisions will increase federal spending by about $196 billion over the next decade. This change is projected to accelerate the depletion of the Social Security trust fund by approximately six months, moving the insolvency date from 2034 to 2033.
Barron's
Effective Date:
The changes will apply to benefits payable after December 2023. Beneficiaries can expect adjustments to their Social Security payments beginning in January 2024, with retroactive payments for any benefits owed from that date.
Associated Press
This legislative change addresses long-standing concerns about the fairness of Social Security benefit calculations for public sector employees, ensuring they receive benefits comparable to other workers. Recent Coverage on the Social Security Fairness Act FaviconInvestopedia Biden Signs Social Security Law That Boosts Benefits For Public Sector Retirees Yesterday Biden Signs Social Security Law That Boosts Benefits For Public Sector Retirees FaviconBarron’s Biden Signs Social Security Law in a Boost for Government Retirees 2 days ago Biden Signs Social Security Law in a Boost for Government Retirees FaviconAssociated Press Higher Social Security payments coming for millions of people from bill that Biden signed 2 days ago
stock here. This is a great list of Names that went to Epstein’s Island. Each name has a link to take you to the original scan of the page it came from.
stock here: my spidey sense is activated. Ever since the Dems were so magnanimous about their stunning loss. After decades of pushing the leftist agenda, can it be that they simply gave up and will now act like normal people with conscience? I doubt it.
Is this like Trudeau going to resign “sometime” but in reality just buying time?
stock here, this quake was relatively shallow at 6kM, but also in a mountain range, and 80kM from Everest.
A_Eye sayeth
The long, curving mountain range that includes Nepal, Mount Everest, and Bhutan is part of the Himalayas, the highest mountain range in the world. Its formation is closely tied to the collision of tectonic plates. How Were the Himalayas Formed?
Tectonic Plate Collision:
The Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate.
About 50-60 million years ago, the Indian Plate began moving northward at a rapid pace (geologically speaking) and collided with the larger Eurasian Plate.
This collision caused the crust to crumple and fold, leading to the uplift of the Himalayan range.
Continued Uplift:
The Indian Plate is still pushing northward into the Eurasian Plate at a rate of about 5 centimeters (2 inches) per year, causing the Himalayas to rise even today.
This ongoing tectonic activity is responsible for frequent earthquakes in the region.
When Did It Happen?
Initial Formation: The collision began around 50-60 million years ago during the early Cenozoic Era.
Major Uplift: The significant uplift of the Himalayas started around 40-50 million years ago and has continued since, with much of the range reaching its present height in the last 10-20 million years.
Present-Day Height: Mount Everest and other peaks continue to rise slightly each year due to ongoing tectonic activity.
Why Is the Range Curved?
The curvature of the Himalayan range is caused by the geometry of the collision zone:
The Indian Plate is shaped somewhat like a wedge, and as it presses into the Eurasian Plate, it creates a curve.
Variations in the strength and structure of the Earth's crust in different regions also contribute to this curvature.
Key Features of the Region
Mount Everest:
The highest peak in the world, standing at 8,848.86 meters (29,031.7 feet).
Formed from marine sedimentary rocks that were uplifted and metamorphosed during the collision.
Nepal, Bhutan, and the Himalayas:
These areas are characterized by rugged, towering peaks, deep valleys, and diverse ecosystems.
The Himalayan range acts as a natural barrier, influencing the monsoon climate and biodiversity of the region.
Significance:
The formation of the Himalayas is one of the most dramatic examples of plate tectonics in action and continues to be a dynamic and evolving geological feature. It serves as a living laboratory for understanding Earth’s geological processes.
Yes, the word “mortgage” has an interesting etymology that loosely translates to “death grip.” It comes from Old French “mort gage” and Medieval Latin “mortuum vadium.” Here’s the breakdown:
"Mort" means "death."
"Gage" means "pledge" or "agreement."
The term reflects the idea that the “pledge” (the loan) would “die” either when the debt is fully paid or when the property is seized (foreclosure). It doesn’t literally mean a “death grip,” but metaphorically, it captures the seriousness and binding nature of the financial agreement.
stock here: like 911. I knowingly had the thought process, that, no way would government at any level participate even in an act of omission that would cause hundreds of fire fighters to run into those buildings. I was dead wrong.
Victor Davis Hanson does some good writing, he focuses mostly of the absurdly abusive tactics of the leftists mostly in their attack on Trump and the Trump administration.
I guess, though, that he is trying to remain mainstream enough to sway some middle of the road people. Those that have opened their minds years ago, and run down many rabbit holes….are more spot on to the source of the problems….example from ZH comments
inflation millionaire
1 hour agoremovelink
democrats should have about 10 fewer seats in the house. will this be addressed?play_arrow7play_arrow1
eatapeach
51 minutes ago
Funny, because Israel has all the seats in the house.play_arrow4play_arrow5
Imon2u
27 minutes ago
Once people can wrap their brain around this they will begin to notice that Freemasonry/Zionist are the only winners in America today.
The radical Marxist infestation of the U.S. is a direct path to totalitarian, soul-sucking, parasitic ideology. These leeches work to mask their goals under the pretense of a social justice fallacy, while simultaneously working to dismantle the foundational fabric of our Constitutional Republic by rewriting history; igniting racism; grifting to create privileged classes, and determining what may be said in public discourse, including speech and actions within the military, social media platforms, corporations and even churches. They must be exterminated publicly ASAP.
stock here: even without ass kissing as most former anti-Trumpers now kiss ass, I would at least remove this sticker. Ouch. Also 3 car accident on H3 going to Kaneohe, it’s ten miles of straight road, 2 lanes and nice shoulders on both side, no side streets.
Esteemed researcher Hélène Banoun has just published an article titled, Duck vaccination against bird flu in France, that provides a comprehensive overview of the reckless mass avian influenza duck vaccination campaign. Here are the key points:
1. Introduction to Duck Vaccination Campaign in France
France is the only country mandating vaccination of ducks against H5N1 avian influenza for farms with over 250 ducks.
The vaccine campaign was launched in autumn 2023, targeting 61 million ducks annually, using both CEVA’s self-amplifying mRNA vaccine and Boehringer’s subunit vaccine.
Farms with fewer than 250 ducks are prohibited from vaccinating.
Despite being the only nation enforcing mass duck vaccination, no evidence exists of stringent safety measures to prevent vaccine residues in meat, nor transparency in pharmacokinetic studies.
2. Vaccine Types and Selection Process
Two vaccines were tested and approved:
Boehringer Ingelheim’s subunit vaccine: Traditional inactivated H5 subunit vaccine.
CEVA’s self-amplifying mRNA vaccine: Encapsulated in ferric nanoparticles, contains squalene, and requires precise storage.
Initially, only Boehringer’s vaccine was approved due to logistical constraints with CEVA’s storage requirements. In 2024, authorities purchased doses from both companies.
The introduction of CEVA’s mRNA vaccine in food-producing animals raises significant concerns due to the lack of biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies, as well as potential squalene toxicity in humans.
3. Vaccine Efficacy and Viral Shedding
Viral shedding continues for up to 14 days, even in vaccinated ducks.
In trials, vaccinated ducks still excreted the virus in significant amounts, posing ongoing risks for viral mutation and transmission.
Vaccination fails to prevent virus shedding effectively, undermining the justification for mandatory mass vaccination and raising the risk of silent virus propagation.
4. Risks of Vaccine-Induced Mutations
Vaccination can drive viral evolution, favoring more virulent or vaccine-resistant strains, as seen in China with H5N1.
Incomplete protection encourages silent spread, where infected but vaccinated birds show minimal symptoms while still excreting the virus.
Evidence suggests that vaccination does not prevent the emergence of more pathogenic variants, contradicting the core objective.
5. Breakthrough Infections on Vaccinated Farms
Despite widespread vaccination, outbreaks occurred in vaccinated flocks in late 2024, including confirmed cases in Landes and Eure.
Affected areas implemented strict containment measures, including mass culling and trade restrictions.
Breakthrough infections undermine the credibility of the vaccination strategy, as the measures required to contain outbreaks mirror those used before vaccination campaigns began.
6. Regulatory and Ethical Concerns
The French Ministry of Agriculture mandated a third dose for mulard ducks, despite only two doses being approved under the vaccine’s ATU (Temporary Use Authorization).
The introduction of off-label dosing protocols creates significant ethical and liability concerns, exposing veterinarians and producers to potential legal repercussions.
7. Human Health Risks from mRNA Vaccine Residues
CEVA’s self-amplifying mRNA may persist in duck tissues due to lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulation, which protects mRNA from gastric degradation
Poorly cooked duck meat could theoretically deliver intact mRNA particles to consumers, raising concerns about inadvertent human “vaccination”.
No biodistribution or pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted to assess these risks.
The absence of pharmacokinetic studies represents a grave regulatory failure, as the long-term risks of mRNA ingestion remain unknown.
8. Broader Implications
Poultry vaccination is not accepted internationally for export, limiting market access for French producers.
Vaccination campaigns continue without evidence of significant improvement in outbreak control.
France risks economic and public trust damage while pursuing a strategy unsupported by international best practices.
Conclusion
The compulsory duck vaccination program in France reveals significant scientific, ethical, and regulatory concerns:
Limited vaccine efficacy with persistent viral shedding.
Risk of viral mutation driven by vaccination pressure.
Human health risks associated with mRNA residues in duck meat.
Breakthrough infections proving the campaign’s limitations.
Dougsays:
