A Scientific Basis For Destruction Of Ocean Food Chain Via Radiation

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A quick background for those who aren't following things. The oceans have become particularly DEADLY to plants and animals, fish, and mammals in the last 5 years.    Large scale die-offs are almost a daily occurence.   Even the top of the food chain, Whales, have been affected and are seeing NOAA certified "UMEs" Unusual Mortality Events, aka mass die offs.   Seals are starving and the rescue centers can't keep up.   

Fishing seasons have been halted because of very low populations.   Bird species have died by the hundreds of thousands, all found starving, nothing in their stomach.    Seriously.   Some people are calling it the "Death of the Pacific".   Google it, get this on your radar.


stock here 

I believe that I may have discovered the smoking gun describing how radiation can be killing off so many important parts of the food chain, and decay chain on land and in water.



Chitin is a polysaccharide biological structural polymer found in exoskeletons, like krill, insects, crabs, beaks of squid etc, and combined with calcium carbonate to form shells of crustaceans. It absorbs radioactive fallout.

Some additional links from a Fukushima Researcher, also deals with Bioaccumulation

http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2014/01/fukushima-pacific-ocean-radiation-and.html

http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2014/01/fukushima-pacific-ocean-radiation-and.html

Chitin, is an extremely important building block of many types of organisms.
Radiation 

1. blows up the skeletons of important sea life at the bottom of the food chains like krill, 
2. destroys fungis, 
3. damages mushrooms, 
4. and it destroys the structural veins of insects wings.    

 
See all the little snippets on Chitan from the "Dictionary_Of_Science.pdf" 

"As destruction travels up the food chain, we are currently at the Murres."

Murres are birds that feed on small fishes, this article explains a bit.   But beware, they are blaming it on "global warming" and El Nino, which doesn't make any sense in my book.    A 1 or 2 degree change in temperature is not going to wipe out a food chain.   Seeing that this article also takes it to the next level of absurdity, calling it a human warmed ocean.

http://robertscribbler.com/2016/01/15/did-the-human-warmed-ocean-ocean-just-kill-8000-mures/


In 2011, after Fukushima, ALL the flies went away....for a full year.   When the flies came back, I also starting feeling more healthy again.     How can this be?   Flies with broken wings would not do well...how could all the wings get broke?   Simple, they are made of Chitin.   from http://animals.mom.me/flies-transparent-wings-10244.html


SUMMARY
What plants and animals are hardest hit?  Simple---the ones that rely heavily on the chitin organic molecule.

1. Whales they eat krill
2. Murres, they eat fish that eat krill
3. Reindeer and caribou die offs, they eat lichens/fungi
4. Insects are dying their wings are made of Chitin
5. In particular Bees are seeing a mass die-off, they use chitin in not just their exoskeleton, but also their eyes, stingers, and more.  Damaged chitin lets parasites and viruses get in.
6. Butterflies use chitin in their wings, not just for structure for also creates optical colors
7. Birds that eat insects are dying
8. Krill have an exoskeleton made of Chitin
9. Fungi have biological structures made of Chitin
10. Sea Stars eat critters that have lots of Chitin, they can digest it and then absorb the bioaccumulated radiation.

Chitin absorbs radiation and Chitin has its chemical structure destroyed by radiation.

After Three Mile Island and after Fukushima in Hawaii...all the flies went away for a year.    Fly wings are made of Chitin.

No Chitin Sherlock, the smoking gun uncovered.
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Radiation destruction of chitin
 

by Ershov, B.G.; Sukhov, N.L.; Nud'ga, L.A.; Baklagina, Yu.G.; Kozhevnikova, L.G.; Petropavlovskii, G.A. (Institute of Physical Chemistry, Moscow (Russian Federation))

[en]

 The change in functional composition and molecular mass of crab, shrimp, and Antarctic shrimp (krill) chitin under the effect of ionizing radiation has been studied. 

By electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy it was established that primary radicals appear in positions 1 and 4 of the pyranose ring with subsequent breakdown of the glycoside bond analogous to cellulose and chitosan decay when γ-irradiated.  {RADIATION}

A scheme of radiochemical transformations of chitin is suggested

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stock here--supporters of the Nuclear Industry will often throw out their deception that "but the level of contamination in the ocean is so small compared to natural radiation".   They completely ignore known science using the "Concentration Factor".    Some life forms will bio-accumulate, or bio-magnify if you will, up to 2 Million times what is in the water around them.   See this table.    Note that they are not usually testing for Cesium and Strontium in these tests, but those could also be a darling of the heavy metal uptake and deserves a deeper look.

http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5671763

Par for the course, seems like the "scientists" are always concerned with exploiting a natural process and never use their intuition to also assess....what potential ramifications does my research have for protecting the eco-system.

Apart from clogging, shading, corrosive, and degrading effects, the major interest of many researchers was the fouling-mediating role of biofilms

from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425911/

So they neglect to think....perhaps these biofilms that are on almost every marine plant or animal could be concentrating metals into the "host" plant or animal.   They know it happens, but only parse the question in terms of how it could affect "fouling".

the passage of chemicals and radiation across these membranes is modulated by microfouling quite analogously to what is happening at the living surfaces of marine organisms covered by epibiotic biofilms. However, this insulating or filtering function of biofilms is much less studied in epibiotic associations because typically these biofilms cannot be maintained structurally and functionally intact in the absence of the host.

Code says
stock, in my mind, a distinction should be made in the bioabsorption, and concentration of radionuclides and the destruction of the chitin by the same.

For example, mutation could come from the concentration or precipitation (think ion exchange resin) of chitin and its effect on DNA, as opposed to sheer structural degradation. Also there is an important time factor. So as an insect is growing or hatching, the timed polymerization of chitin must be VERY critical. Rather than structural degradation, a speeding up or retardation of polymerization during that crucial stage could result in poor wing shape etc.

stock here

So interestingly enough….Chitin is researched as an effective "sponge" to soak up Uranium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, strontium, Cesium.

Hmmmmmmm

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwithqDyxPDKAhXJ4D4KHROGBOYQFggdMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1080%2F00223131.2002.10875518&usg=AFQjCNF-n6vwofG8MZnojs0XbY1Y-8zhZw&sig2=oJKe5oPJNsbewnGD9_kFdA

A background on Chitin, they are thinking for commercial development
http://slideplayer.com/slide/4415459/#

And here is another lengthy scientific article on Chitin as a cleanup material for nuclear waste.

http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/te_1336_web.pdf#page=192

Another large die off has been Sea Stars, sometime known as Starfish.    This has been a collapse based on an infection of sorts, a wasting disease.  But Sea Stars have little use for chitin, with one huge important exception....they eat hard shelled animals and Sea Stars can DIGEST Chitin, thus releasing the absorbed radiation of chitin into themselves.    Sea Stars use chitin and turn into proteins for their bodies.

Some herbivores, such as goats and some ruminants can digest cellulose, breaking them down long chains of polysaccharides. Similarly, echinoderms can eat shellfish, sea urchins and mussels and digest chitin, breaking mechanically only ones with hard shells.

Radiation is well know to reduce resistance to disease.    Curiously enough in the graphic from a 1971 Woods Hole report they indicate how Plutonium (a major and deadly release from Fukushima) found that although Mussels do bioaccumulate radiation, the Sea Stars that feed on the Mussels had an additional 4 times Concentration Factor beyond what the Mussels had.

The Mussels had a mean Concentration Factor of 260 for Plutonium.   The Seastars, 4 times that.

Source:  https://miningawareness.wordpress.com/2015/11/08/radionuclides-in-sediment-vs-seawater-and-in-plankton-marine-invertebrates-e-g-sea-stars/


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More information and link resources, just slamming them in here now, for Intuitive Exploitation later

CodeShutdown

February 12, 2016 at 1:28 am · Reply

Chitin absorbs and concentrates radionuclides. This is part of the familiar bioconcentration/bioaccumulation story. The concentration factor for heavy metals can be hundreds, thousands or even millions of times. The reason I started thinking about chitin is because I was looking for a natural organic ion exchange resin. They use ion exchange resin to concentrate and isolate cesium from ocean water for measurement. Chitin is well known for its heavy metal absorption and chelation. More is unknown than known about chitin and how it is controlled in biology.
"Despite decades of intensive research, many events associated with the complexity of chitin formation and deposition are still obscure, or only partially understood. The list includes the hormonal control of CS at the transcriptional and translational levels as well as the post-translational CS packaging; trafficking and guidance of CS clusters to proper sites in the cells and their intricate insertion into the plasma membranes; activation of the catalytic step and its control or modulation; and translocation of chitin chains across cell membranes, their orientation, fibrillogenesis and association with other extracellular structural components such as polysaccharides (fungi) and cuticular proteins (insects)"

• CodeShutdown

  February 12, 2016 at 1:36 am · Reply

  man made radiation concentrating all over the place!…
  Once concentrated in body structure, the radiation and heavy metals could interfere with the exquisite hormonal and genetic control of chitins temporal and spacial placement
  'Chitin is considered to be one of the most abundant macromolecules in the biosphere. The chitin microfibrils serve as structural scaffolds in cell walls, cuticles, shells, and intestinal peritrophic matrices. The capacity for chitin production is found in a vast variety of taxonomic groups including algae, fungi, protists, sponges, rotifers, nematodes, arthropods, cuttlefish, brachiopods, and mollusks. Chitin is particularly present in marine ecosystems because oceanic crustaceans produce most of its biomass (mainly pelagic zooplankton such as krill
• CodeShutdown

  February 12, 2016 at 1:36 am · Reply

  Fisher et al found very high concentration factors for radionuclides Pu, Am and Np of greater than 100,000 with living cells of diatoms. Chlorella concentrates Cd two million times
  http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/5671763
• CodeShutdown

  February 12, 2016 at 1:41 am · Reply

  tsezos and volesky showed hat ion exchange capacity of microbial cell wall can be greater than that of commercial ion exchange resins and activated carbon by three times. The test elements were uranium and throium
  Living cells can accumulate metals from much lower concentrations…ppb or lower…than inert biomass absorbers with higher concentration factors and greater specificities for a particular toxic metal
  microalgae sequester heavy metals by adsorption and absorption mechanisms as well as formation of phytochelatins which they synthesize in response to heavy metal stress. (oh no, hormesis!) Gekeler et al
  phytochelatins are peptides produced only by algae and higher plants. They are analogous to the metallothionein proteins produced by fungi and animals in response to heavy metal stress
• CodeShutdown

  February 12, 2016 at 1:45 am · Reply

  biofilms on every animal in the ocean. Biofilms are capable of binding significant quantities of metals under natural conditions, and serve as matrices for precipitation of insoluble mineral phases.
  See it? Many different modes of bioabsorption and concentration of man made radiation. Radioactive biofilm on chitin shells
  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3425911/
• CodeShutdown

  February 12, 2016 at 1:50 am · Reply

  chitin, nothing random about it!
  Chitin biosynthesis is a strongly regulated process, both spatially and temporally. It acts like an ion exchange resin and also absorbs by pores and other mechanisms. If the timing and placement isnt perfect, the animal will be deformed.
  The ion exchange process is very effective at transferring the radioactive content of a large volume of liquid into a small volume of solid.
  Nuclear reactors have been using resins for years. Boiling water reactors generate 20 cubic yards of organic ion exchange resin radioactive waste a year. They dont know what to do with this waste exactly. Told them so, but did they listen?
  http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TRS408_scr.pdf
• CodeShutdown

  February 12, 2016 at 1:57 am · Reply

  all biological material has an affinity for metals,
  'Chitin is a very important structural component of
  fungal cell walls and is an effective biosorbent for metals and
  radionuclides, as are chitosan and other chitin derivatives' Heavy metals are usually powerful poisons to the nervous system.
  Natural inorganic ion exchangers;
  A large number of organic materials exhibit ion exchange properties; these include polysaccharides (such as cellulose, algic acid, straw and peat), proteins (such as casein, keratin and collagen) and carbonaceous materials
  Removal of Heavy Metal from Contaminated Water by Biopolymer Crab Shell Chitosan
  http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=jas.2009.2762.2769
  
   HillbillyHoundDog
  

  February 11, 2016 at 11:41 pm · Reply

  http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4131215
  Sci Rep. 2014; 4: 6053.
  Published online 2014 August 13. doi: 10.1038/srep06053
  PMCID: PMC4131215
  A Magnetic Carbon Sorbent for Radioactive Material from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
  Daizo Yamaguchi,a,1 Kazumi Furukawa,2 Masaya Takasuga,2 and Koki Watanabe1
  …Here we present the first report of a carbon-γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle composite of mesoporous carbon, bearing COOH- and phenolic OH- functional groups on its surface, a remarkable and magnetically separable adsorbent, for the radioactive material emitted by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident. Contaminated water and soil at a level of 1,739 Bq kg−1 (134Cs and 137Cs at 509 Bq kg−1 and 1,230 Bq kg−1, respectively) and 114,000 Bq kg−1 (134Cs and 137Cs at 38,700 Bq kg−1 and 75,300 Bq kg−1, respectively) were decontaminated by 99% and 90% respectively with just one treatment carried out in Nihonmatsu city in Fukushima. Since this material is remarkably high performance, magnetically separable, and a readily applicable technology, it would reduce the environmental impact of the Fukushima accident if it were used.
  
  Ocean acidification -- University of Bristol
  
  http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/ocean/Biology.html
  …
  HillbillyHoundDog
  

  February 12, 2016 at 1:10 pm Log in to Reply

  Pages highlighted in the 600 page book I posted yesterday claim studies show tuffs?(volcanic rock) have a high absorbtion rate for radionuclides. I also recall coral having a high affinity for heavy metal contamination and death. Does this make Hawaii a sea sponge for radioactive particles? Will she be sacrificing her corals, or what is left of them?
  
  So interestingly enough….Chitin is researched as an effective "sponge" to soak up Uranium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, strontium, Cesium.
  Hmmmmmmm
  https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwithqDyxPDKAhXJ4D4KHROGBOYQFggdMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1080%2F00223131.2002.10875518&usg=AFQjCNF-n6vwofG8MZnojs0XbY1Y-8zhZw&sig2=oJKe5oPJNsbewnGD9_kFdA
  oldster
  

  February 11, 2016 at 7:02 pm · Reply

  Notable Fukushima/Chernobyl research scientist Timothy Mousseau has made recent note of the lack of funding/support for necessary/illuminating science on this issue, and deems it a form of censorship.
  However, nothing ventured nothing gained is applicable here. I'll contact some people who might help, maybe some others here can do so too, and maybe who knows , a seed will have been planted: from one little acorn came many oaks … and a great many blessings.
  
  Funny how "Science" it focused on exploiting Chitin, rather than protecting Chitin.
  http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000694.html 
  
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  To those who understand this quick Haiku
  You are a chosen few
  Spread the word
  We have a new bird
  To enlighten the jousting crew
  —————————————–
  Poor Chitin Bats Last
  Kenny Tests The Water, Clean
  We Are At The Mures
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  new material added 2-15-16
  Bottom line, if the Chitin as exoskeleton doesn't form right during creation then the insect (or other critter) will be more susceptible to parasitic attack.   Much of bee die off is because of parasitic attack.---
  
  
  With their chitinous shells, insects seem almost invulnerable -- but like Achilles' heel in Greek mythology, their impressive armor can still be attacked. Researchers at the universities of Bonn and Leipzig studied fruit flies (Drosophila) and discovered the molecular processes that are able to break through this protective casing. The enzyme chitinase 2 and growth factor idgf6 are especially important in correctly forming the insects' shells. These findings are relevant for fighting parasites, and will be published in the professional journal Scientific Reports.
  
  http://www.nature.com/articles/srep18340 

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rattleshark put this link up at nukepro. Shows how bioaccumulation of plutonium works in shell creatures in ocean. Not as bad as Chitin based animals like krill that can multiply as much as 2 MILLION times! But some of these show Pu multiplication into their shells and muscles (pun intended) of almost 2000 times what is in the water, in just 90 days….I wonder about 5 years…. http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/22/m022p059.pdf#sthash.MvbdQffD.dpuf

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 Submitted by

Ontological

February 29, 2016 at 2:46 pm · Reply

 

Another authoritative source discussing chitin

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2885081/